Elena+Ibañez+Zazo+3ºD

=**China**=
 * MY CONUNTRY FACTS**

media type="custom" key="28141025" toc


 * Oficial country name: People’s republic of china **
 * Location: **** Located in Southeast Asia along the coastline of the Pacific Ocean. Is situated between latitudes 18° and 54° North and longitudes 73° and 135° east. **




 * Year that the country joined in UN: **** On October 1, 1949 **

=People=
 * What are the people of the country called? **** The people is called chinese **
 * What is the official language? What other languages do people speak? **** - Chinese Mandarin, with 900 million speakers. The second most spoken language is English with 400 millions speakers, the third most spoken language is Spanish with 350 millions speakers, the fourth most spoken language is shanghaiese with 100 millions speakers. **
 * What is the most practiced religion? **
 * Most people do not practice any religion (49.58%), the second most **
 * practiced religion is Buddhism (36.88%), the third most practiced religion is **
 * Christianity (7.25%), the fourth most practiced religion are ethnic religions **
 * (4.29%) and the fifth most practiced religion is Islam (2%). **



=Flag=
 * It is red with 4 small and 1 big star, all in yellow. the yellow colour symbolizes the imperial colour, the red of the backround symbolizes the people’s rebolution and the five stars form an ellipse that represent the Chinese territory. **

=Goverment=
 * It is a democratic or a non-democratic state? **** it is a non-democratic state **
 * What is the name of the leather of the country? **** Xi Jinping. **** He is the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China and the President of the Central Military Commission. **
 * What tipe of government is the country ruled by? **** It is a republic.It is one of the few remaining socialist states in the world. **
 * Is there a separation of powers?which institution/person is in charge of each of the powers? **** In the people’s republic of china there aren’t separation of powers. **** The executive powers rest with the State Council headed by the prime minister(Li Keqiang) who is responsible for administering the different areas of the state administration.The command of the national military forces corresponds to the Central Military Committee. **

- ** [|The Communist Party of China]: **** It is one of the biggest political organization in the world and currently has over 70 million members.Their ideology is to carry out communism. **
 * What are the main political political parties of the country(socialist party,communist party,green party,republicans,democrats,etc)?describe briefly their ideas. **
 * - **[|**Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang**]** : **** Formed by leftist members of the **[|**Kuomintang**]** (KMT) who did not escape to Taiwan, it has 53,000 members. It is considered "second" in status to the Communist Party of China. Thus it has 30% of the seats in the People's Political Consultative Conference. **** ( **[|**Chinese nationalism**]**, **[|**Three Principles of the People**]** ) **
 * - **[|**China Democratic League**]** : **** Originally a league of pro-democracy parties. Formed by 130,000 members, mainly middle-level and senior intellectuals. **** ( **[|**Patriotism**]**, **[|**Socialism**]** ) **
 * - **[|**China Democratic National Construction Association**]** : **** Entrepreneurs from the manufacturing, financial or commercial industries, in both private and state sectors. Formed by 69,000 members. ( **[|**Market socialism**]** ) **
 * - **[|**China Association for Promoting Democracy**]** : **** Intellectuals, mostly in the education, technology and publishing sectors. Some 65,000 members. **** ( **[|**Social democracy**]** ) **
 * - **[|**Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party**]** : **** Most of its 65,000 members work in the fields of public health, culture and education, science and technology. ( **[|**Socialism**]** ) **
 * - **[|**Zhigongdang of China**]** : **** Returned overseas Chinese, relatives of overseas Chinese, and noted figures and scholars who have overseas ties, with 15,000 members. ( **[|**Chinese federalism**]**, **[|**Reunification of China**]** ) **
 * - **[|**Jiusan Society**]** : **** Most of its 68,000 members are high- and medium level intellectuals in the fields of science, technology, education, culture and medicine. ( **[|**Socialism**]** ) **
 * - **[|**Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League**]** : **** 1,600 people, most of whom are prominent people that are from Taiwan or are of Taiwanese heritage, but now reside on the Mainland. **** ( **[|**Taiwanization**]**, **[|**One country, two systems**]** ) **
 * Was your county ever a colony?if so,when did it again its independence? **** Yes ,but only Hong Cong, it was a British colony. In July 1, 1997 Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region of China, regime which will end in 2047 with full integration in China. **

=**Population**= **Birth rate.Reasons**. ** There is a very high birth rate becausein the villagespeople need to havemore childrentocultivate and care forthe animalsand parents.whenchildrenare old enoughtostudythey go to big cities. **
 * How many inhabitants does the country have? It has 1 369 811 000 inhabitants. **
 * Population density. **** It has a density of 145/km2 **




 * Death rate.Reasons. **** There is a very high death rate because in the villages people live in very poor conditions, there are very few hospitals and doctors. **




 * Natural growth.Reasons. The natural growth has decline because of the "one-child" policy. The measure was introduced in 1979 in order to limit most families to have one child. But exceptions were made.It is estimated that the one-child policy avoid 400 million births since it began.Whenthe Chinese populationreached 1,000million at the endof1970, the government was concerned aboutthe effect thiscould have onits ambitiousplans for economicgrowth.Although otherplanning programswere alreadyimplementedto helpreducingthe birth rate, the Chinese leaderDengXiaopingdecided that itneeded to takemoredecisive action.The government put into practice by offering financial goods and jobs for those who followed it, expanded access to contraceptives and established fines for those who violate the rules. **


 * How do migrations affect your country? At present, China is the country that has increased internal migrations. In 2003,114 million workers migrated from rural areas belonging to 769 million people,a 59.47% of the total population. **

=**Migrations**=
 * Number of immigrants. Where do they come from? Why? Hundreds of thousands of foreigners have come to China in recent years fleeing from the crisis and attracted by figures, show that today is the second largest economy. But the country has quite internal problems as to shelter everyone, with 100 million people living below the poverty line, according to UN figures, and more than 100 000 protests a year because of labor or economic reasons. **
 * Number of emigrants. Where do they go? Why? ** ** China is **** the country with more **** emigrants of the world. ** ** In Spain, legal Chinese were 6,482 in 1991, 28,693 in 2000, 73,936 in March 2005. They emigrate looking for countries where they can express freely. They emigrate to North America, south America and to Europe. **
 * Legislation of the country connected to migrations. - ** ** Foreigners working in China illegally will be fined with 5,000-20,000 yens .If the fault is severe, the individual may be detained up to 15 days. **** Warnings and fines for 2,000 yens will be issued in the following cases:- Foreigners who refuse to accept the inspection of any public safety organization about your immigration documents.- Foreigners who refuse to give their residence certificate for examination. **
 * Institutions in charge of migrants. **** There are two institutions: the **** Department of indoors and the Department of public security. **

= Geography = =** Where is the country? **** Located in Southeast Asia along the coastline of the Pacific Ocean. Is situated between latitudes 18° and 54° North and longitudes 73° and 135° east. **=
 * What other nations border the country? **** The nations that border China are Mongolia, Russia, N. Korea, S. Korea, Taiwan, Laos, Vietnam and Nepal **** . **
 * What kind of landscape does the country have? Positive and negative things of it. **** China occupies an area of 9.6 million km2 of land and 3 million km2 of sea. **** There are snow-capped mountains, glaciers, wild forests, deserts, lakes and coastal waters, and waterfalls and endless grasslands and wetlands. In China you can find all types of natural landscapes in the world. **
 * What kind of climate does it have? Pros and cons of the climate.**** In China, a vast land spanning many degrees of latitude with complicated terrain, climate varies radically. China has a variety of temperature and rainfall zones, including continental monsoon areas. In winter most areas become cold and dry, in summer hot and rainy. **



= =

= Economy =


 * What is the most common sector of employment in the country? **** The most common sector of employment in china is the Primary sector (agriculture and fishery). **
 * What is the unemployment rate of your country (by percentage)? **** The unemployment rate in China fell slightly in 2014 to 4.09%, a hundredth less than in 2013, after the creation of 13,220,000 new jobs. **


 * What is the percentage of contribution of its sectors? **** In **** Industry 42.6% and in Services 48.2%. **

=Domestic Policy=
 * Energy: production/consumption; exports/imports. **** China is the country that produces and consumes more energy in the world. In 2012 it generated 4.94 billion kWh of electricity. **** China, the second largest economy, recorded in May a volume of foreign sales of 195,470 million, 7% more than in the same period last year. **

media type="youtube" key="r9GqN95oOwI" width="560" height="315"
 * Which are the current issues that affect your country in domestic policy? **** - **** one-child policy: **** It is a measure of population control established in urban areas of China, with the aim of establishing a radical birth control to reduce the excessive population growth or overpopulation. China is the world's most populated country, home to a fifth of the world population. **
 * -Diferences between rich peole and por peole: The gap between rich and poor in China has grown to the point of making the second world economic power in one of the most unequal countries in the world, concludes a report published by a research institute linked to the Chinese central bank. **

Taxes and other revenues: ** There is a minimum salary for paying taxes. If you exceed 4,800 RMB you have to pay it. ** = Foreing Policy =
 * Which are **** the main policies about healthcare? **** Since the early 1950s, China's health policy is characterized by an emphasis on public health and preventive medicine. **** In 2009 the government began a three-year initiative to provide health care at a cost of $ 124 billion; as a result, two years later 95% of the population had social security. China is the third largest supplier of drugs, but its population suffers from pirates development and distribution of drugs. **
 * Which are the main policies about education? **** Since 1986, compulsory education includes primary and secondary education, which together totaled nine years. In 2010, about 82.5% of students continued their education in secondary schools. **
 * Which are the main current issues that affect your country in foreign policy? **** -The war with ISIS: **** With the arrival in the Syrian Tartus naval base of the aircraft carrier "Liaoning" with 1,000 Marines and escorted by a cruise missile, China joins Russia in the fight against the Islamic state. For the first time in 70 years, all the major powers are fighting for the same cause, bringing the war in Syria to the category of "world". **
 * Which are the main conflicts that have affected your country? **** - **** Second Sino-Japanese War: **** was a military conflict between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between July 7, 1937 and September 9, 1945, as part of the Second World War. It began when the Japanese army, which already controlled Manchuria, started the invasion of northern and eastern China. **
 * Military Expenditures/ spending on defense programs: **** The military spending in 2012 totaled $ 100 billion, the world's second largest military budget. **** With 2.3 million active elements, the Popular Liberation Army (EPL) is the world's largest military force. **

=**Sources** **used for the investigation**=


 * For Politics:** ** [] **


 * For Society and People:**[|**http://www.chaos.umd.edu/history/prc.html**]


 * For Geography:**[|**https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China#Geography**]


 * For Economy:**[|**https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China#Economy**]


 * For Domestic Policy:**[]


 * For Foreign Policy:**[|**http://internacional.elpais.com/internacional/2015/11/19/actualidad/1447913839_075523.html**]

=Video=

=media type="youtube" key="bOXu5CDhjxU" width="560" height="315"= media type="youtube" key="un9F9aZQ68M" width="560" height="315"

= =