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= = =**OLD NEWSPAPER: FERDINAND II OF ARAGÓN**=

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=1. Ferdinand II of Aragón=
 * Ferdinand II** called **the Catholic**, was in his own right the King of Sicily from 1468 and King of Aragón from 1479. As a consequence of his marriage with Isabella I he was King of Castile as **Ferdinand V** from 1474 until her death in 1504. With only six years old he received from his father Juan II the title of Duke of Montblanc and count of Ribagorza with the lordship of the city of Balaguer, 25 July 1458.



He was recognised as regent of Castile for his daughter and heir,Joanna, from 1508 until he died. In 1504, after a war with France, he became King of Naples as **Ferdinand III**, reuniting Naples with Sicily permanently and for the first time since 1458. In 1512, he became King of Navarre by conquest after asserting a hereditary claim. He began Spain's struggle with France for control of Italy in the Italian Wars. His general Gonzalo Fernandez de Córdoba conquered Naples in 1504. Ferdinand joined the League of Cambrai (1508) against Venice and the Holy League (1511) against France. In 1512 he annexed most of Navarre, basing his claim on his marriage (1506) to Germaine de Foix.

Ferdinand is today best known for his role in inaugurating the discovery of the new world, since he and Isabella sponsored the first voyage of Christopher Columbus in 1492. That year he also fought the final war of Granada which expunged the last Islamic state on Spanish soil. (Granada). He captured and made Boadbil, the son of the emperor of Granada, work within to take over Granada. He used the money that he got from raiding Granada and used to finance Christopher Columbus's trip to find a fast way to Asia. Columbus trip got ferdinand increase land and subjects.

**EXPLORATIONS**
His reign was crucial in the history of the world as well as for Spain. In 1494, The Treaty of Tordesillas, which Spain and Portugal signed one year later, moved the line of division westward and allowed Portugal to claim Brazil. They authorized the expedition of Christopher Columbus, who was given the name of Admiral of the Ocean Sea by the monarchs, which brought knowledge of the Americas to Europe. New discoveries and conquests came in quick succession. Vasco Nunez de Balboa reached the Pacific in 1513, and the survivors of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition completed the circumnavigation of the globe in 1522. In 1519 the conquistador Hernando Cortes subdued the Aztecs in Mexico with a handful of followers, and between 1531 and 1533 Francisco Pizzaro overthrew the empire of the Incas and established Spanish dominion over Peru. In 1493, when Columbus brought 1,500 colonists with him on his second voyage, a royal administrator had already been appointed for the Indies

1.2 Ferdinand and Isabella.
Ferdinand was born in Sos del rey cátolico, Aragon, as the son of John II of Aragon (whose family was the youngest of the Dynasty of Trastamara) by his second wife, Juana Enriquez. He married princess Isabel. His father secretly negotiated the marriage of Ferdinand Isabella, recently proclaimed Princess of Asturias and heiress to the throne of Castile and León. The talks were secret because Fernando was engaged to the daughter of Don Juan Pacheco, a favorite of Castilian King Henry IV, Isabel wanted this marriage, but had a canonical problem. Those were cousins. Needed, therefore, a papal bull. The Pope, however, did not sign this document, fearing the possible negative consequences that this act could bring. However, the Pope was inclined to this conjugal union, by the benefits that could bring him being right with Princess Elizabeth. For this reason, he ordered Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia addressed to Spain as papal legate to facilitate this marriage. Finally, on October 19, 1469, Isabel married in the Vivero Palace Valladolid with Fernando.





**Isabella I the Catholic and King Ferdinand had 6 children:**

 * 1) Isabella (1470–1498), Princess of Asturias (1497–1498).
 * 2) John (1478–1497), Prince of Asturias (1478–1497).
 * 3) Joana I (1479–1555), Princess of Asturias (1500–1504), Queen of Castile (1504–1555), Queen of Aragon (1516–1555).
 * 4) María (1482–1517).
 * 5) Anna died at birth (twin of Maria) (1482)
 * 6) Catalina, later known Catherine of Aragon, queen of England, (1485–1536).

**Isabel's death**
After Isabella's death (1504) he retained control over Castile as regent for his daughter Joanna. Joanna's husband, Phlip I, became king of Castile in 1506 but died the same year. For the rest of his life Ferdinand continued his regency over Castile, first in the name of Joanna, who became insane, and then for his grandson, later Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.



**Ferdinand's death**
When Ferdinand died, he left his grandson a united Spain, as well as Naples, Sicily, Sardinia, and an overseas empire. In his testament, he left all his possessions to his daughter, and the position she should assume the government and the regency of the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon , his grandson Charles of Ghent , the future Charles I , and until his arrival , named his son Alonso de Aragón ruler of the kingdoms of the Crown of Aragon, and Cardinal Cisneros , regent of Castile. He died on 23 January, 1516 in Madrigalejo ( Cáceres), when he went to attend the chapter on orders Calatrava and Alcantara in the Monastery of Guadalupe.

[|Prezi]

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__**Interview**__

 * Journalist:** Hello King Ferdinand II of Aragon, I'm very happy of been here togheter with you. I there is no problem I would like to ask you some questions about your reign with Isabel I of Castile in Castile and Aragon


 * Ferdinand II of Aragon:** Of course, there is no problem you can ask me what you what.


 * Journalist:** OK, thanks a lot. I will start with the first question. Could you tell me when did you married with Isabel I of Castile?


 * Ferdinand II of Aragon:** We married on the 19th of October of the year 1469, in the city of Valladolid. I was seventeen years old and Isabel was one year older.


 * Journalist:** OK, thank you. The next question I will like to ask you is how did you obtain the crown of Aragon after you married with Isabel?


 * Ferdinand II of Aragon:** Well, I was the son of King Juan II and when he died I was the only son that survived because my brother and sister died, so I was proclaimed king of Aragon in the year 1479 as Ferdinand II of Aragon. Finally, me and Isabel decided to govern together over the tho crown.


 * Journalist:** Thank you about all your information, I will continue with the next question. Why was so easy to strenghten yours and Isabel's power in the Crown of Castile rather in the Crown of Aragon?


 * Ferdinand II of Aragon:** It was easier to strengthen the power in the Crown of Aragon because in the Crown of Castile we were the highest authority so we could established new laws, taxes... because we had the divine right of kings and queens and our power came from god but in the Crown of Aragon we needed the approval of the three cortes to established new laws or taxes.


 * Journalist:** OK, I understand, its very interesting to listen to you. I will continue with few more questions. When did Isabel I of Castile died?


 * Ferdinand II of Aragon:** Well, she died in the year 1504 and I continued my regency in Castile


 * Journalist:** Finally, this is my last question. After Isabel's death did you respect her testament?


 * Ferdinand II of Aragon:** I don't like talking about this but no, I din't respect her testament because in the testament said that Juana could inherited the crown but I wanted to regain the power and I didn't wanted to lose the Kingdom in Naples so I established an alliance with France and I got married with Germana the foix and I had one son but unfortunately he died ours after he born.


 * Journalist:** Thank you very much for spending I little of your time here with me and answering me all tis questions. Bye bye

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