Andrea+Martín

toc =MY CODE OF CONDUCT=


 * 1) I will only put my first surname and name without accents or capital letters when I make an account
 * 2) I will not put my address when I make an account
 * 3) I will not put my telephone number when I make an account
 * 4) I will ask my parents for permission to do an account
 * 5) I will not put any photos of my friends,family or me on Internet
 * 6) I will not chat or accept invitations of persons I didn`t know
 * 7) I will put a very difficult password in all my accounts so that people didn`t know it, only my parents
 * 8) I will not put my profile with my age, birthday or all my name
 * 9) I will not public any video of me or somebody else on Internet or You Tube
 * 10) I will not said anything in Internet that can hurt or create problems to somebody

= = = = =**Old newspaper: The Catholic Monarchs**=

__1. Isabel I of Castile__
She was born on the 22 of april 1451, in Àvila. She was the daugther of **Juan II of Castile** and **Isabel of Portugal** and sister of **Enrique IV** and Alfonso .When Juan II of Castile died Enrique IV succeded him and Isabel was send with is mother to Arèvalo in which she was educated. Then in 1461 Isabel and his brother Alfonso travel to Segovia because of the birth of there nephew Juana. When king Enrique IV died a civil war broke out the Crown of Castile. This war was created because the castilians didn`t know who would ruled better. So the followers of his daugther Juana who was knew as **Juana,la Beltraneja** and the followers of Isabel fougthed. Juana was supported by the **king of Portugal** and Isabel was supported by **the prince Ferdinand of Aragon**. Finally Isabel defeated Juana and was proclaimed queen of Castile as Isabel I of Castile by the **Treaty of Alcoçovas** in 1479. She ruled 30 years.



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On 29th of October 1469 she married with **Ferdinand of Aragon** by a papal exemption. They had 5 children: **Isabel, Juan, Juana, Maria** and **Catalina**. All of them were married with **arranged marriages** to obtain alliances with other kingdoms and obtain support.

Isabel I died on 26 of November 1504 because of a uterus cancer.

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__TITTLES:__


 * Isabel I of Castile (1479-1504)
 * Princess of Asturias (1468-1474)

__2. Ferdinand II of Aragón__
He was borned on 10 of May 1452 in Sos- Zaragoza. He was the son of **king Juan II of Aragon** and **Juana Enríquez**. With only six years he was proclaimed **duke of Montblanc** by his father. After the death of his half-brother **prince Charles of Viana** he become the heir of the throne. Then he helped Isabel in the civil war and became his husband on 29th of October 1469. In the same year **Isabel I** was proclaimed queen of Castile ,(1479) **Ferdinand of Antequera** wa s proclaimed king of Aragon as **Ferdinand II of Argon.** In 1481 he was proclaimed king of Castile as **Ferdinand V** as he and his wife decide to govern over the two crowns. He began to expand the **Crown of Aragon** to Italy and he organized **`La Liga Santa´** as he didn`t want that France conquered Italy. He had 5 children with Isabel: **Isabel, Juan, Juana** (the mad), **Maria** and **Catalina.**



When **Isabel I** died, her daugther **Juana** inherited the **Crown of Castile** following **Isabel I`s testament.** Ferdinand still want to be king of Castile so he said to everybody that Juana wasn`t a good queen as all thougth she was mad. Ferdinand was named regent by the Cortes but only until his grandson **Charles**( son of Juana, the mad) became of age. Ferdinand was worried about lossing **the kingdom of Naples** so he secretly agreed with **king Louis XII of France** ,that in exchange of France recognizing aragonese sovereignity over Italy, Ferdinand would married with **Germana, the Foix.** They tried to have a child so that he or she could inherit the Crown of Aragon and had influence over France but desafortunetly his son died some hours after his birth. Fernando died because of abusse of a medicine called `catárida´.

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__TITTLES:__


 * Duke of Montblanc (1458)
 * Prince of Gerona (1461-1479)
 * King of Scilia (1468-1516)
 * King of Castile (1481-1504)
 * Administrator of the Orden of Santiago (1476-1477)
 * King of Aragon and Valencia (1479-15169
 * Count of Catalonia (1479-1516)
 * King of Naples (1504-1516)
 * Governor of the kingdom of Castile (1504-1506)
 * King of Navarre (1512- 1515)

__3.1. A dinastic union__
When Isabel and Ferdinand got married they decided to govern together over the two Crowns, and to have similar power in both. From this came the proverb: **`Tanto monta, monta tanto´.** The **`Concordia of Segovia´** (1475) set up the terms of the Catholic Monarch´s goverment over the two crowns. But it was only a **DYNASTIC UNION ,**as Isabel and Ferdinand would ruled over the two Crowns, but each kingdom would have its independnce, laws, institutions, customs... They decided that after the death of any of the monarchs, the survivor would go to its own Crown ,and the other Crown would be inherited by its first descedant.



__3.2. The Cathoilc Monarchs: Common Aims__
The Catholic Monarchs established some common aims for both Crowns:


 * Religious unity
 * Territorial expansion
 * Sthregthening of the monarchs authority

**__3.2.1.Religious Unity__**
The Catholic Monarchs wanted religious unification for their kingdoms but they happend different things in the Crowns.


 * __CROWN OF CASTILE:__**


 * **Tribunal of inquisition (1478):** Consist of persecuted **heretics**, (People who didn`t follow correctly the cristianity).The Catholic Monarchs wanted to introduce the inquisition in Castile and requested the Pope`s assent. The bull gave to the monarchs the authority to name the inquisitors. Many of these claims are thought to be exaggerated as a result of an anti-spanish and anti-catholic propaganda phenomenon known as [|The Black Legend.] For interest: [|A video of the Black Legend]


 * ** Compulsory Convenrsion (1492): **The Catholic Monarchs forced the jews to convert in cristianism or to migrate. Around 800.000 jews migrate and the ones which coverted into cristianism were knew as **conversos.**


 * **Compulsory Conversion(1512):** The Catholic Monarchs forced the mudejars (Spanish muslims), to convert into cristianism or to migrate. The ones that convert were knew as **moriscos.**

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 * __CROWN OF ARAGON__:**


 * **Tribunal of inquisition (1478):** Consist of persecuted **heretics**, (People who didn`t follow correctly the cristianity).The Catholic Monarchs wanted to introduce the inquisition in Castile and requested the Pope`s assent. The bull gave to the monarchs the authority to name the inquisitors. Many of these claims are thought to be exaggerated as a result of an anti-spanish and anti-catholic propaganda phenomenon known as [|The Black Legend.]

**__3.2.2 Territorial expansion__**

 * __THE CROWN OF CASTILE:__**

It was focused of finishing the reconquest, expanding through the **Atlantic Ocean** and protecting trade with [|Flanders].They conquered some territories in the north of Africa (Canary Islands, Melilla, Tunis, Oran...) They also conquered the **Nasrid Kingdom of Granada**(1492) and Navarre (1512).




 * __THE CROWN OF ARAGON__**

Focused on mediterranean interests. Ferdinand II have a struggle with France as both crown want to conquered Italy so they organized **`La Liga Santa´.** Finally the crown of Aragon conquered Italy, Naples and Scilia. Ferdinand II had to parcitiped in many wars to have these territories such as [|`Liga de Cambrai´] (1508).



__4.Arranged marriages__
The Catholic Monarchs arranged their childrens to:
 * To obtain support
 * To increase their influence over Europe
 * To annex new territories

__4.1.Alliances with Portugal__
Their first daugther, [|Isabel], married [|infant Alfonso of Portugal]. When Alfonso died Isabel married again with his husband´s brother [|Manuel I, the fortuned]. Then when Isabel died [|Maria] (the third daugther of Isabel and Ferdinand) married with Manuel I, the fortuned.



**__4.2.Alliances with England__**
Their younger dougther **,Catalina of Aragon,** married **prince Arthur of Wales**. When Arthur died Catalina married with his husband´s brother **Henry VII**.

**__4.3.Alliances with Flanders__**
Their son Juan married Margarita of Austria and Juana,the mad (their second dougther ) married Philip the handosme.

**__5.Cristopher Columbus and the Catholic Monarchs__**
In 1485 a sailor called **Cristopher Columbus** came to Castile as he had a project in his mind. Columbus had an intervew with the Catholic Monarchs asking them for support but it was very difficult has they want to conquered first **the Nasrid Kingdon of Granada**. When the Catholic monarchs finished the reconquest in 1492 they met with Columbus in Santa Fe (Granada) for talk about his project. Columbus explain to them different reasons for the expedition( such as economic,power and religious reasons). Finally on the 1st of April of the same year the queen Isabel I approved the project.The Catholic Monarchs gave him tittles and paid him all he need for the expedition by the **Capitulaciones of Santa Fe.**



On april 1493 the Catholic Monarchs met again with Columbus which told them that he went to the spieces land (India), although it was another continent. The 20 of May 1493 they awarded him an army shield. When Columbus was puted in jail the Catholic Monarchs forgave him but with a condition to didn´t return to **La Española** and to took it off the tittle of **viceroy.** When Columbus died the Catholic Monarchs sign an agreement with the portuguese called **Treaty of Tordesillas** to prevent conflit between Portugal form what of them received the territories discovered by Columbus.To do this they drew an imainary line on a map 370 leagues west **Cape Verde**. The Crown of Castile received the west part.

For interest: [|A video of Cristopher Columbus]

__6.The conquest of the Nasrid Kigdom of Granada__
When Isabel and Ferdinand were proclaimed, they want to finish the reconquest by conquering **the Nasrid Kigdom of Granada** wich was the last **muslim group** located in the Iberian Peninsula during the 15th century.They took advantage as the kingdom was suffering a difficult crisis. They could do these step by step in these order:
 * 1484-1487: They conquered the west part of the kingdom
 * 1488-1490: They conquered the east part of the kingdom
 * 1490-1492: They finished to conquer the kingdom

The victory declared:
 * The fall of the last muslim kigdom in the Iberian Peninsula so declared the power of the **christians** and these is why finishes the Reconquest.
 * The appearance of a **proffesional army**, independece of nobility.
 * The support of the crown in economic ways.



For interest:[| A video of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada]

__7.Interesting facts__
__THE TOMB OF THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS__

When they dead, the catholic monarchs were entomb in a **sanctuary of Granada**.The chapel was built between 1506 and 1521 by **Enrique Egas**. Under Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic Monarchs, Granada became part of the Kingdom of Castile, the Spanish people were united under one monarchy, Spain was linked to Portugal, England (Ferdinand and Isabella's daughter Catherine of Aragon married firstly Prince Arthur of England, then Henry VIII), Netherlands, Burgundy and Austria through marriage of their children, and with the discovery of America the basis for the world-wide expansion of Spanish culture was laid.



For interest: [|Isabel.] The TV series of RTVE.

This is my prezi presentation.

__8.Interview__
We interviewed Isabel I`s servant in Castile, called Juana, about living with her and the way Isabel do her common things.


 * Interviewer:** //How is to work for the Catholic Monarchs?//


 * Juana:** Is a privigleged, you know, I thing I am very lucky. Many people wants to worked with them but the mayority of them can´t do it.


 * I:** //How you obtain this work?// //As you say is clear that is very difficult.//


 * J:** Well... Is a large story. My husband is a sailor and in one of his voyages the ship sunks. But he survived and one soldier of the monarchs take it to their palace. As he was the only survivor the Catholic Monarchs said to him that they wanted to do to him something he want. I thing they refer to money because when my husband said that he want to obtain a work for me there, the monarchs were very surprised.


 * I:** //Wow! What an interesting story. And what things you do do there?//


 * //J://** I usually stay with the queen. I dress her and prepared his bedroom all the days. I have to say that his bedroom is very messy.


 * I:** //Ja, Ja, Ja... And the princes and princess?//


 * //J://** They are very cute and very naugthy. They are all time playing and doing silly things in all parts of the castle. Well I have to say also that they made me laught a lot, they all recorded me to my little children.


 * I:** //Thanks for anwer our questions, Juana?//


 * //J://** Thanks for you to listen to me.

__9.Advertishment__
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__10.Personal article__
I think the Catholic Monarchs were very good kings as they were well organised with their territories and common aims. Also as they had a lot of therritories such as America and the Philiphines. In some exceptions they had few problems such as the wars with The Nasrid Kingdom of Granada. Although they had to be in charge of their children they decide there decisions well.

__11.Prezi presentation__
[|Prezi]

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